Buffalo, New York, located in the northeastern United States, experiences a diverse climate with distinct seasons.
During the warm months, from late May to mid-September, temperatures in Buffalo typically stay above 70°F. In July, the average highs reach 79°F and lows around 64°F. This pleasant summer weather makes it an inviting time for outdoor activities.
The cold season stretches from early December to mid-March, with average daily highs below 40°F. January and February are the chilliest months, often dipping to an average low near 19°F. Snowfall is frequent during these months, making Buffalo a haven for winter sports enthusiasts.
Rainfall varies throughout the year with September being the driest month, receiving about 1.81 inches of rain over 15 days. On the other hand, summer months can experience more rain but often in the form of brief showers.
This diverse weather pattern demonstrates why Buffalo’s climate stands out among other cities in New York.
Average Temperature in Buffalo, New York
The hottest month in Buffalo is July. During this month, the average high temperature reaches 79°F, while the average low is around 64°F.
In contrast, January is the coldest month. The average high sits at 32°F, and the average low drops to 21°F.
Buffalo experiences a cold season lasting from December 4 to March 12. During this period, the daily high temperature stays below 40°F.
Throughout the year, temperature patterns show clear seasonal changes. While summer brings warmer weather, winters are notably cold.
Here is a quick look at average high and low temperatures by month:
| Month | Average High (°F) | Average Low (°F) |
|---|---|---|
| January | 32 | 21 |
| February | 34 | 23 |
| March | 43 | 29 |
| April | 55 | 38 |
| May | 67 | 48 |
| June | 76 | 58 |
| July | 79 | 64 |
| August | 78 | 63 |
| September | 71 | 56 |
| October | 59 | 45 |
| November | 48 | 36 |
| December | 36 | 26 |
This table provides a clear idea of how temperatures vary in Buffalo throughout the year. Readers can easily see how the weather changes from winter to summer, indicating when to expect cold or warm conditions.
Average Precipitation in Buffalo, New York
Buffalo experiences a variety of precipitation throughout the year, with notable amounts of both rain and snow. This section provides detailed information on the average rainfall and snowfall in Buffalo.
Average Rainfall in Buffalo, New York
Rainfall in Buffalo varies monthly. The wettest months are typically June, October, and December. October leads with an average of 137 mm (about 5.4 inches) of rain.
During September, precipitation levels are lower, recording about 1.81 inches of rain over 15 days. This pattern makes autumn a significant season for rain.
Spring and summer also see consistent rainfall, contributing to the city’s lush greenery. The average annual rainfall helps maintain Buffalo’s moderate climate and supports local agriculture.
Average Snow in Buffalo, New York
Buffalo is known for its heavy snowfall, especially during the winter months. Snow starts to fall as early as November and can continue into late March.
January is the peak month for snow, with average accumulations reaching around 24.2 inches. This period is marked by frequent lake-effect snow, which occurs when cold air moves over the warmer waters of Lake Erie.
February and December also see significant snowfall, contributing to Buffalo’s reputation as a snow-filled city. These conditions are well-documented and affect daily life, travel, and local events. Winter sports enthusiasts find this weather ideal for activities such as skiing and snowboarding.
Average Sun in Buffalo, New York
Buffalo, New York, experiences varying amounts of sunshine throughout the year, impacting residents and visitors alike. On average, the city enjoys a moderate amount of daily sunshine.
Average Daily Shortwave Solar Energy in Buffalo, New York
Buffalo receives different levels of shortwave solar energy depending on the month. These energy levels are higher during the summer months and lower in the winter.
Buffalo’s peak period for sunshine is during the summer, with the highest levels seen in July. During this time, the city averages around 6.5 kWh/m² per day.
Conversely, December experiences the lowest with approximately 1.5 kWh/m² per day.
Monthly sunshine hours also fluctuate significantly. Summers typically range from 200 to 250 hours per month, while winter months may only see about 50 to 100 hours.
These patterns are reflective of Buffalo’s geographical location and seasonal changes. This variability affects daily activities, energy consumption, and even local vegetation. For more detailed information on Buffalo’s climate, visit the Climate & Weather Averages in Buffalo, New York.
Average Humidity in Buffalo, New York
Buffalo, New York experiences varying levels of humidity throughout the year. On average, the city has a relative humidity of around 72%.
The most humid month in Buffalo is December, with an average humidity level of 77% (World Weather & Climate Information). This is largely due to the colder weather and increased precipitation during this time.
April is the least humid month, with an average humidity of 67%. The drier air helps make spring feel more comfortable compared to the wetter months.
Humidity levels can impact how temperatures feel. For example, in July, Buffalo has temperatures averaging 79°F and humidity that makes it feel warmer (Climate and Average Weather Year Round in Buffalo).
Monthly Humidity Levels:
- January: 76%
- April: 67%
- July: Similar to average yearly humidity
- December: 77%
Weather Considerations:
- Higher Humidity: Can make cold months feel colder and hot months feel hotter.
- Lower Humidity: Often makes temperatures feel more comfortable.
Average Wind in Buffalo, New York
Buffalo experiences varying wind speeds throughout the year.
Wind speeds are generally measured in miles per hour (mph). On average, wind speeds in Buffalo range between 6 and 12 mph. The windiest months are typically from November through March.
Monthly Average Wind Speeds
| Month | Average Wind Speed (mph) |
|---|---|
| January | 10 |
| February | 11 |
| March | 12 |
| April | 10 |
| May | 9 |
| June | 8 |
| July | 7 |
| August | 7 |
| September | 8 |
| October | 9 |
| November | 10 |
| December | 11 |
Frequent gusts of wind can bring consistency to the windiness of Buffalo. The peak wind speed usually occurs in the winter months when cold fronts move through the area.
Wind measurements are often taken at the Greater Buffalo International Airport. This location helps provide accurate data on daily and seasonal wind patterns in Buffalo. Occasionally, residents might experience stronger gusts, especially during storms or lake-effect snow events.
Buffalo is known for activities that rely heavily on wind conditions, such as sailing and kite surfing. Those interested in detailed wind patterns can find comprehensive data on platforms like Wind – ChaseDay.com. They provide information useful to both residents and visitors engaging in outdoor sports.
Average Air Quality in Buffalo, New York
Buffalo’s air quality is generally good throughout the year. The city often experiences favorable air conditions, which means residents can enjoy outdoor activities without significant health risks.
The Air Quality Index (AQI) in Buffalo is categorized as “Good” for most of the year, with measurements frequently falling below 50. This indicates minimal pollution levels.
Annual Average AQI for Buffalo:
- Winter: 35-45
- Spring: 30-40
- Summer: 40-50
- Fall: 35-45
Major Monitoring Stations:
- Katherine Street: Often records AQI between 35-45.
- Shoshone Park: Typically shows AQI close to 45-50.
- Albright: Frequently measures AQI around 50-55.
During warmer months, higher temperature and increased cloud cover can sometimes result in moderate AQI levels, mainly due to higher ozone concentration.
For current and historical AQI data, IQAir provides detailed information. Residents can check real-time conditions on IQAir’s Buffalo Page.
For more localized air quality reports, AccuWeather offers insights tailored to specific areas within Buffalo. To plan your day wisely, visit AccuWeather Buffalo Air Quality.
Topography of Buffalo, New York
Buffalo is located in the western part of New York State, near the eastern end of Lake Erie.
The city sits mostly on flat terrain but has some variations in elevation.
This area is known as the Erie/Ontario Lake Plain. The plains extend to the northeast, reaching Utica, New York.
Buffalo’s elevation ranges from 564 feet at its lowest point to 722 feet at its highest.
The majority of the city generally has an average elevation of 607 feet. The lowest elevations can be found near Cazenovia Creek.
The main neighborhoods with noticeable elevation changes are University Heights and the Fruit Belt.
These areas have slight hills compared to the more flat regions of the city.
Buffalo’s topographic features are influenced by its location in the Northern Hemisphere, at the head of the Niagara River and at the terminus of the Erie Canal.
This position also contributes to its varied climate and weather patterns.
More details about the topography can be found on Buffalo topographic maps.
For those interested in a more detailed look, the University at Buffalo Libraries has a Northeast Quadrangle map.
Extreme Weather Events that Occur in Buffalo, New York
Buffalo experiences a range of extreme weather events. One of the most notable is lake-effect snow, which occurs when cold air moves over the warmer waters of Lake Erie.
The result can be heavy snowfall, sometimes more than 20 inches in a single event. This phenomenon can severely impact travel and daily life.
In addition to snow, heatwaves are becoming more frequent.
Recent summers have seen unusually high temperatures, with some days reaching into the 90s Fahrenheit.
Buffalo residents and city officials are increasingly concerned about how to cope with this rising trend in extreme heat.
Buffalo has also faced significant winter storms.
One example is Winter Storm Elliott, which caused more than 25 deaths in the Buffalo area in December 2022.
Such storms bring heavy snowfall and strong winds, leading to dangerous conditions and power outages.
Flooding is another concern.
Heavy rainfall combined with melting snow can lead to significant water accumulation in low-lying areas. This can cause property damage and pose risks to residents.
Table: Types of Extreme Weather in Buffalo
| Weather Event | Description |
|---|---|
| Lake-Effect Snow | Heavy snowfall due to cold air over Lake Erie |
| Heatwaves | Unusually high temperatures in summer |
| Winter Storms | Severe snowstorms with strong winds |
| Flooding | Water accumulation from rain and snowmelt |
Buffalo’s location and local weather patterns make it susceptible to these extreme conditions.
Efforts are ongoing to mitigate the impact and prepare residents for these events.
Best Time of the Year to Visit Buffalo, New York
Buffalo showcases distinct seasons offering varied experiences. The city is known for its warm summers, vibrant springs, colorful falls, and cold, snowy winters.
What is Buffalo, New York Like in Spring
Spring in Buffalo starts warming up around March. April and May bring mild temperatures, usually between 40°F and 60°F.
The city experiences moderate rainfall, so an umbrella or raincoat can be handy. Flowers start to bloom, offering a picturesque landscape.
March marks the end of the cold winter, with locals celebrating events like the Buffalo Cherry Blossom Festival.
This is a great time to explore Buffalo’s parks and waterfronts.
What is Buffalo, New York Like in Summer
Summer is from June to August, with average highs in the upper 70s°F.
This period is the most popular for tourists, thanks to the warm weather and numerous outdoor activities.
June and July are perfect for festivals, concerts, and exploring the waterfront.
August can be busy, but the weather is ideal for exploring the diverse food scene.
Light clothing is recommended, and it’s wise to book accommodations in advance due to the high tourist season.
What is Buffalo, New York Like in Fall
Fall, from September to November, brings cooler temperatures varying from 40°F to 70°F.
The city is less crowded during these months, offering a relaxed experience. Leaves change color, creating a canvas of reds, oranges, and yellows.
September and October are great for strolls in parks and historic neighborhoods.
November starts to feel colder, and it can get windy. Warm clothing is advised, especially in late fall.
What is Buffalo, New York Like in Winter
Winter in Buffalo is cold and snowy, with temperatures often below freezing.
From December through February, expect average highs from 20°F to 30°F.
Snowfall is common, making it a good time for those who enjoy winter sports.
December is festive with holiday lights and events.
January and February are the coldest months, perfect for activities like ice skating and snowshoeing.
Dress in layers and be prepared for windy conditions.