Tornadoes are relatively rare in Vermont, but they do occur.
On average, Vermont experiences about 0.7 tornadoes per year. This is a much lower frequency compared to some other parts of the United States, especially the Tornado Alley region.
The tracking data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) shows that since 1950, there have been sporadic instances of tornado activity in Vermont.
The state witnessed a significant event in 1962 when it recorded five tornadoes in one year. Such events can surprise residents who are more accustomed to New England’s typical weather patterns.
Vermont’s tornado activity is part of a larger pattern observed across the New England region.
While tornadoes are more common in the central parts of the United States, areas to the east of the Rocky Mountains, including Vermont, still see occasional tornado occurrences.
Tornado Characteristics and Measurement in Vermont
Tornadoes in Vermont are infrequent but can be intense.
The state’s tornadoes are typically measured using the Fujita and Enhanced Fujita (EF) scale, and they show distinct patterns in frequency and seasonality.
The Fujita and Enhanced Fujita Scale
The Fujita Scale, developed in the 1970s, measures tornado intensity based on damage caused. It ranges from F0 to F5, with F0 being the weakest and F5 the strongest.
In 2007, the Enhanced Fujita Scale (EF) replaced it, refining the categories to EF0 to EF5. The Enhanced Fujita Scale considers more variables, improving accuracy in estimating wind speeds and associated damage.
For example, an EF0 tornado has wind speeds between 65 and 85 mph (miles per hour), causing minor damage, like broken tree branches or small roof damage.
In contrast, an EF5 tornado has wind speeds exceeding 200 mph, resulting in devastating damage, like leveling sturdy structures.
Vermont’s most intense tornadoes have been rated up to an EF2, indicating significant wind speeds and damage.
Frequency and Seasonality of Tornado Occurrences
Tornadoes are rare in Vermont compared to states in Tornado Alley. However, they do occur, with around 14 significant tornadoes recorded since 1950.
These tornadoes mostly occur in late spring and summer, particularly between May and August. During this period, warm, moist air masses interact with cooler air, providing the right conditions for tornado formation.
In recent years, the frequency of these events has prompted questions about whether tornadoes are becoming more common in Vermont.
Though they remain rare, the possibility of tiny increases in occurrences is monitored by meteorologists. Such data provides a better understanding of tornado trends and safety measures.
Historical Tornado Events in Vermont
Vermont’s tornado history includes some notable events.
For example, an EF2 tornado hit St. Albans Town in 2020, injuring seven people and causing significant damage.
Between 1950 and April 2024, Vermont experienced 14 tornadoes rated EF2 and some weaker tornadoes like EF0 and EF1.
Another significant event was a tornado in the 1960s when seven of Vermont’s most intense tornadoes occurred.
Studying these historical events helps improve forecasting and preparedness, ensuring residents can be better safeguarded in the future. Watching wind patterns helps in understanding these tornadoes better.
Preparedness and Safety Measures for Tornado Events
In Vermont, understanding tornado watches and warnings, assessing the risks specific to the local terrain, and knowing the safety protocols during tornado threats are crucial to staying safe.
Tornado Watches and Warnings
Tornado watch signals potential severe weather conditions where tornadoes may develop. It encourages people to stay alert and be prepared to take action.
A tornado warning is more urgent, issued when a tornado has been sighted or indicated by radar. Upon a tornado warning, immediate shelter should be sought.
The National Weather Service (NWS) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) play vital roles in issuing these warnings. Understanding these alerts helps residents of Vermont take the necessary precautions and reduces the risk of death and injury.
Understanding the Risk in Vermont Terrain
Vermont’s mountainous terrain can impact the frequency and intensity of tornadoes.
Tornadoes are less common in Vermont compared to other states, but they can still occur.
The state’s dense forests and varied landscape can obscure visual signs of an approaching tornado, making radar and warnings crucial.
The tornado history in Vermont includes several occurrences where tornadoes have caused damage and injuries.
Being aware of the unique challenges posed by Vermont terrain can help residents better prepare and respond to severe weather threats.
Safety Protocols During Tornado Threats
Taking specific safety actions during tornado threats is vital.
Seek shelter in a small, windowless room on the lowest floor of a sturdy building, like a basement, or an interior hallway.
Avoid windows as flying debris is extremely dangerous.
If indoors, stay away from outside walls and protect your head.
An attached garage can provide additional shelter.
If in a car, try to drive at right angles to the storm’s path if time allows, or find a low-lying area to lie flat and protect yourself.
Emergency supply kits should include water, food, first aid, and other essentials to last at least three days.
Include items for pets if needed.
These steps can significantly enhance safety during a tornado event.