Khartoum, the capital of Sudan, experiences a subtropical desert climate that makes it one of the hottest capitals in the world.
The hot season in Khartoum spans from April to early July, with average daily high temperatures soaring above 102°F.
May often stands out as the hottest month, with temperatures reaching a blistering 106°F during the day and dropping to only 85°F at night.
In stark contrast, the cooler months in Khartoum, specifically from December to February, provide some relief with daily highs below 90°F.
During this time, nighttime temperatures can drop significantly, with lows around 62°F.
Rainfall is extremely limited and the most rain typically falls in August, averaging just 1.89 inches over about four days.
For those planning to visit or move to Khartoum, understanding its weather patterns is crucial.
The climate’s arid nature, combined with historical data from various weather reports, paints a clear picture of what to expect throughout the year.
This makes Khartoum a fascinating study for those interested in desert climates and weather extremes in Africa.
Average Temperature in Khartoum, Sudan
Khartoum experiences high temperatures throughout the year. The hottest month is May, with an average high temperature of 106°F and a low of 85°F.
The cool season runs from early December to mid-February, with temperatures dipping below 90°F daily.
In January, the coldest month, temperatures average a low of 64°F and a high of 86°F.
| Month | Average High (°F) | Average Low (°F) |
|---|---|---|
| January | 86 | 64 |
| February | 90 | 66 |
| March | 97 | 72 |
| April | 102 | 77 |
| May | 106 | 85 |
| June | 104 | 83 |
| July | 100 | 79 |
| August | 98 | 78 |
| September | 100 | 79 |
| October | 100 | 76 |
| November | 93 | 70 |
| December | 87 | 65 |
Khartoum’s average annual temperature is around 90°F.
During June and July, it can get extremely hot, often hovering around 100°F.
In August, the city sees some rain, but it’s still warm, averaging a high of 98°F.
Moderate temperatures are found in March and November, with highs ranging from 93°F to 97°F. The perceived temperature may feel even warmer due to humidity levels.
Average Precipitation in Khartoum, Sudan
Khartoum, Sudan experiences an arid climate with minimal rainfall throughout the year. The region is characterized by dry conditions with very little variation in precipitation.
Average Rainfall in Khartoum, Sudan
Rainfall in Khartoum is extremely scarce.
The wettest month is August, during which the area receives about 1.89 inches of rain over roughly 4.2 days.
The driest months are typically from November to March, with almost no rainfall.
Most of the yearly precipitation occurs between June and September. In total, Khartoum gets about 2.8 inches of rainfall annually.
Monthly Average Rainfall:
| Month | Rainfall (in inches) |
|---|---|
| January | 0.04 |
| February | 0.01 |
| March | 0.02 |
| April | 0.05 |
| May | 0.23 |
| June | 0.48 |
| July | 0.98 |
| August | 1.89 |
| September | 0.97 |
| October | 0.43 |
| November | 0.08 |
| December | 0.02 |
This makes the rainfall pattern highly seasonal, with most rain falling during the summer months.
Average Snow in Khartoum, Sudan
Snowfall in Khartoum is non-existent due to its climate. The region’s high temperatures rarely drop below 60°F, even during the coolest months. This makes the conditions unsuitable for any form of snow or ice.
As Khartoum lies within a desert climate classified as BWh under the Köppen-Geiger classification, it lacks the necessary conditions to support snowfall.
For more information on climate types without snow or ice conditions, follow this link.
Snow and ice are simply not part of this city’s weather pattern due to its arid environment.
Average Sun in Khartoum, Sudan
Khartoum experiences ample sunshine throughout the year, with long daylight hours and high levels of solar energy. This section breaks down the average daily shortwave solar energy in the city.
Average Daily Shortwave Solar Energy in Khartoum, Sudan
Khartoum benefits from consistent sunshine, contributing to high average daily shortwave solar energy. This energy is crucial for solar power generation and various day-to-day activities.
Monthly Average Daily Solar Energy (kWh/m²):
| Month | kWh/m² |
|---|---|
| January | 5.9 |
| February | 6.3 |
| March | 6.7 |
| April | 6.9 |
| May | 7.0 |
| June | 6.8 |
| July | 6.3 |
| August | 6.2 |
| September | 6.4 |
| October | 6.8 |
| November | 6.3 |
| December | 6.0 |
The solar energy peaks in May with an average of 7.0 kWh/m² and is lowest in January at 5.9 kWh/m². These figures illustrate the high potential for solar energy production in Khartoum.
Average Humidity in Khartoum, Sudan
Khartoum experiences low humidity throughout much of the year. The average relative humidity in the city generally remains below 30%.
During the cooler months of December to February, the humidity can rise somewhat, but it rarely becomes uncomfortable.
Below is a table showing the average humidity levels by month:
| Month | Average Humidity (%) |
|---|---|
| January | 26 |
| February | 22 |
| March | 15 |
| April | 11 |
| May | 10 |
| June | 11 |
| July | 17 |
| August | 22 |
| September | 24 |
| October | 23 |
| November | 27 |
| December | 29 |
The dew point in Khartoum is often low, contributing to the dry feeling of the climate.
This low dew point combines with high temperatures to create a dry heat that is typical for the region.
The average dew point varies but is usually around 36°F during the cooler months, and can drop even lower during the hotter periods of the year.
Average Wind in Khartoum, Sudan
Khartoum experiences a range of wind speeds throughout the year. The wind patterns vary from month to month, with some months experiencing stronger winds than others.
The table below illustrates the average wind speed by month:
| Month | Average Wind Speed (mph) |
|---|---|
| January | 8 |
| February | 9 |
| March | 10 |
| April | 11 |
| May | 12 |
| June | 13 |
| July | 12 |
| August | 11 |
| September | 10 |
| October | 9 |
| November | 8 |
| December | 7 |
June typically sees the highest average wind speeds, making it the windiest month.
Wind speeds tend to decrease in the late fall and winter, with November and December averaging around 7-8 mph.
In spring and early summer, wind speeds gradually increase. March and April see averages of about 10-11 mph.
The wind speed plays a significant role in daily life in Khartoum, affecting various outdoor activities.
Wind direction is generally from the north throughout the year. This consistent pattern impacts the climate, keeping it arid.
Average Air Quality in Khartoum, Sudan
Khartoum often has moderate air quality. The Air Quality Index (AQI) is usually around 78, which means it is acceptable for most individuals but may affect those sensitive to air pollution.
Monthly Air Quality Overview
| Month | AQI | Temperature (°F) | Humidity (%) | Pressure (InHg) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | Moderate (80) | Max: 86 Min: 64 | 30% | 30.1 |
| February | Moderate (82) | Max: 90 Min: 68 | 25% | 30.0 |
| March | Moderate (85) | Max: 95 Min: 72 | 20% | 29.9 |
| April | Moderate (90) | Max: 99 Min: 75 | 18% | 29.8 |
| May | Moderate (95) | Max: 103 Min: 79 | 15% | 29.7 |
| June | Unhealthy for sensitive groups (100) | Max: 106 Min: 82 | 12% | 29.6 |
| July | Unhealthy for sensitive groups (105) | Max: 108 Min: 84 | 10% | 29.5 |
| August | Unhealthy for sensitive groups (108) | Max: 107 Min: 83 | 12% | 29.4 |
| September | Unhealthy for sensitive groups (107) | Max: 105 Min: 81 | 15% | 29.5 |
| October | Moderate (100) | Max: 101 Min: 78 | 20% | 29.6 |
| November | Moderate (90) | Max: 95 Min: 72 | 25% | 29.8 |
| December | Moderate (85) | Max: 88 Min: 66 | 28% | 30.0 |
Weather Factors
- Humidity varies but is often low, contributing to dust in the air.
- Temperature can reach up to 108°F in summer, increasing UV index.
- Cloud Cover is typically minimal, resulting in high visibility.
- Pressure ranges from 29.4 to 30.1 InHg, rarely causing issues under normal circumstances.
Tips for Residents
- Use air purifiers to improve indoor air.
- Wear face masks when AQI is high.
- Keep track of UV index to avoid prolonged sun exposure.
For up-to-date information and forecasts, visit AccuWeather’s Khartoum air quality page.
Topography of Khartoum, Sudan
Khartoum, Sudan, is located where the Blue Nile and White Nile rivers converge. This gives the city a unique and strategic position.
The city is relatively flat with an average elevation of 385 meters (1,263 feet).
A closer look at the elevations around Khartoum:
- Average elevation: 385 m (1,263 ft)
- Minimum elevation: 372 m (1,220 ft)
- Maximum elevation: 398 m (1,621 ft)
The flat terrain is broken by some small hills, but no significant mountains are near the city.
As you look toward the horizon, you mainly see the flat landscape stretching out.
The climate classification of Khartoum is BWh, meaning it has a hot desert climate.
This dry climate impacts the local vegetation and soil, making the area prone to occasional dust storms.
The Blue Nile and White Nile rivers play crucial roles in the region’s agriculture and economy.
These rivers provide vital water sources for irrigation, especially in the dry season. They also create a fertile riverbank area which stands in contrast to the arid surroundings.
The city’s layout follows the courses of these rivers, with most development happening along their banks.
This proximity to water has been fundamental for the city’s growth and sustainability in an otherwise harsh desert climate.
Visit a topographic map of Khartoum for more details.
Extreme Weather Events that Occur in Khartoum, Sudan
Khartoum, the capital of Sudan, experiences several extreme weather events throughout the year. One of the most significant events is the occurrence of flash floods.
These floods happen mainly during the summer months when heavy rains occur in the southern regions, affecting the rivers that flow through Khartoum.
Flash Floods
Flash floods are common in summer. They often result from heavy downpours that increase the water levels of the Blue and White Nile rivers.
This can lead to significant overflow, affecting both urban and rural areas.
Temperatures in Khartoum reach sweltering highs during the hot season.
From April to July, daily highs can soar above 102°F, with May being the hottest month. The average high in May is around 106°F.
| Month | Average High (°F) | Average Low (°F) |
|---|---|---|
| April | 102 | 75 |
| May | 106 | 85 |
| June | 103 | 82 |
| July | 100 | 79 |
Rains and Flooding
Though Khartoum is generally arid, it receives some rain, which can sometimes lead to flooding.
The city gets about 14.43 inches of precipitation annually, with most of it occurring between July and September.
Monthly Rainfall
| Month | Average Rainfall (Inches) |
|---|---|
| July | 2.1 |
| August | 4.3 |
| September | 3.5 |
Dust Storms
Dust storms are another extreme weather event that Khartoum experiences. These typically occur during the dry season, reducing visibility and affecting air quality.
Best Time of the Year to Visit Khartoum, Sudan
Khartoum, Sudan has distinct seasons with varying temperatures and weather conditions. Visitors can experience extreme heat or milder temperatures depending on the time of year.
What Is Khartoum, Sudan Like in Spring
In spring, Khartoum experiences rising temperatures that can range from the mid-70s°F to the high 90s°F. The air is dry, and the humidity remains low.
This season is relatively comfortable for traveling, with fewer chances of rainfall compared to other periods.
The arid environment means less greenery, which might not be ideal for those looking to explore lush landscapes.
However, it is a great time for urban excursions and enjoying the city’s cultural sites.
Visitors should prepare for warm afternoons and cooler evenings, making it essential to pack accordingly.
What Is Khartoum, Sudan Like in Summer
Summer in Khartoum is extremely hot, with temperatures frequently exceeding 100°F.
The hottest month is May, where average highs can reach up to 106°F.
The intense heat can make outdoor activities challenging.
The hot season is from April to early July, with June being particularly scorching.
Evenings offer little relief as temperatures rarely drop below the mid-80s°F. This period is best avoided for those not accustomed to extreme heat.
Despite the high temperatures, the occasional breeze from the Nile can provide some comfort. Nonetheless, stay hydrated and seek shade whenever possible.
| Month | Average High | Average Low |
|---|---|---|
| April | 102°F | 82°F |
| May | 106°F | 85°F |
| June | 109°F | 84.9°F |
What Is Khartoum, Sudan Like in Fall
Fall sees a gradual decline in temperatures, making it a more tolerable season.
During September and October, the temperatures range between the high 80s°F and low 100s°F. Rain is still minimal, keeping the air dry.
This season is often considered a good time to visit for those looking to avoid the peak heat.
The slightly cooler weather allows for more enjoyable exploration of outdoor markets and historical sites.
Packing light clothing for warm days and slightly cooler evenings is recommended.
What Is Khartoum, Sudan Like in Winter
Winter is the coolest season in Khartoum. Average high temperatures are below 90°F. The coldest month, January, has an average high of around 88°F and a low of 64°F. This makes it the most comfortable time for tourists.
The climate is dry with almost no rainfall, allowing visitors to explore the city without worrying about wet weather. Nights can be significantly cooler, so packing layers is a good idea.
Outdoor activities, such as visiting the banks of the Blue and White Nile Rivers, become more pleasant.
Here’s a quick snapshot of winter temperatures:
| Month | Average High | Average Low |
|---|---|---|
| December | 89°F | 64°F |
| January | 88°F | 64°F |
| February | 90°F | 65°F |
Winter provides the best beach and pool scores due to the moderate climate, making it a popular season for tourists.