Ottawa, the capital city of Canada, experiences a wide range of temperatures and weather patterns throughout the year.
Ottawa weather features a warm season from May to mid-September, with average daily highs above 68°F. The hottest month is July, with average highs around 79°F and lows near 60°F.
This makes summer a pleasant time to explore the city’s attractions and nearby Gatineau Park.
Conversely, Ottawa’s winters are cold and snowy, lasting from early December to early March.
During these months, the average high temperature stays below 33°F. Snow plays a significant role in the city’s winter scenery, providing ample opportunities for winter sports and activities.
The city receives consistent precipitation throughout the year.
For those planning to travel or move to Ottawa, it’s important to be prepared for the seasonal variations, which offer a blend of warm summers and frosty winters.
For more detailed climate data, you can explore comprehensive weather reports available online.
Average Temperature in Ottawa, Canada
Ottawa experiences a wide range of temperatures throughout the year.
The warmest month is typically July with an average high temperature of 79°F and a low of 60°F.
During the coldest months like January, temperatures can drop significantly. The average low temperature in January is around 6°F, which is quite frigid.
Here is a breakdown of the average high and low temperatures by month:
| Month | High (°F) | Low (°F) |
|---|---|---|
| January | 23 | 6 |
| February | 26 | 8 |
| March | 37 | 19 |
| April | 52 | 33 |
| May | 66 | 45 |
| June | 75 | 55 |
| July | 79 | 60 |
| August | 77 | 58 |
| September | 69 | 50 |
| October | 55 | 39 |
| November | 41 | 28 |
| December | 28 | 14 |
These temperature variations define the changing seasons in Ottawa, making some months warm and others cool or even freezing.
In addition to the monthly averages, it is important to note that temperatures can occasionally reach extremes.
For instance, on the coldest days, temperatures might drop to as low as -25°F. Such frigid conditions underscore the need for proper winter gear.
Warm seasons from late May to mid-September are typically more comfortable with high temperatures above 68°F. This period is when people enjoy more outdoor activities and pleasant weather.
Knowing these temperature ranges can help anyone planning a trip or adjusting to life in Ottawa.
Average Precipitation in Ottawa, Canada
Ottawa experiences significant annual precipitation, with both rain and snow contributing to its climate. The amount of precipitation varies by season, with wet seasons and drier periods.
Average Rainfall in Ottawa, Canada
Ottawa receives rainfall throughout the year, with certain months experiencing more than others. The average annual rainfall is around 34 inches.
The wettest month is typically July, with an average of 3.6 inches of rain. On average, there are about 154 days with rain each year.
| Month | Rainfall (inches) |
|---|---|
| January | 1.6 |
| February | 1.2 |
| March | 1.8 |
| April | 2.9 |
| May | 3.2 |
| June | 3.4 |
| July | 3.6 |
| August | 3.3 |
| September | 3.2 |
| October | 2.6 |
| November | 2.3 |
| December | 1.8 |
Average Snow in Ottawa, Canada
Snow is a major part of Ottawa’s winter climate. The city sees about 82 inches of snowfall annually, making it one of the snowier cities in Canada.
January is usually the snowiest month, receiving about 19 inches of snow.
| Month | Snowfall (inches) |
|---|---|
| January | 19.0 |
| February | 17.0 |
| March | 11.0 |
| April | 4.0 |
| May | 0.2 |
| June | 0.0 |
| July | 0.0 |
| August | 0.0 |
| September | 0.0 |
| October | 1.0 |
| November | 8.0 |
| December | 21.0 |
Winter months experience the highest snowfall, while summer months are entirely free of it.
Average Sun in Ottawa, Canada
Ottawa experiences significant variations in sunlight throughout the year. These changes affect the number of sunshine hours, daily sun energy, and daylight hours.
Average Daily Shortwave Solar Energy in Ottawa, Canada
Ottawa’s average daily shortwave solar energy is impacted by seasonal changes.
Shortwave solar energy is the amount of sunlight received per square meter.
On average, Ottawa gets around 3.3 to 4.8 kWh/m² in the summer and only about 1 to 2 kWh/m² in the winter.
Here’s a breakdown of the average daily shortwave solar energy by month:
| Month | kWh/m² |
|---|---|
| January | 1.2 |
| February | 1.8 |
| March | 3.2 |
| April | 4.2 |
| May | 5.1 |
| June | 5.8 |
| July | 5.6 |
| August | 5.0 |
| September | 3.9 |
| October | 2.6 |
| November | 1.3 |
| December | 1.0 |
Ottawa enjoys the most sunlight from May through August, with June typically being the sunniest month.
In contrast, December and January have the least sunshine hours and shortest daylight. These seasonal changes impact both daily activities and energy consumption patterns for residents throughout the year.
Average Humidity in Ottawa, Canada
Ottawa experiences a variety of humidity levels throughout the year. The city has a humid continental climate, which includes distinct seasons with varying humidity.
Relative Humidity is an important measure. It represents the percentage of moisture in the air relative to the maximum amount the air can hold at that temperature.
Monthly Average Relative Humidity:
| Month | Morning (%) | Afternoon (%) |
|---|---|---|
| January | 80% | 75% |
| February | 78% | 72% |
| March | 73% | 68% |
| April | 67% | 61% |
| May | 72% | 67% |
| June | 75% | 69% |
| July | 77% | 70% |
| August | 78% | 71% |
| September | 78% | 71% |
| October | 75% | 69% |
| November | 77% | 72% |
| December | 79% | 74% |
Dew Point reflects the temperature at which air becomes saturated with moisture. Higher dew points indicate higher comfort levels.
Monthly Dew Points (°F):
| Month | Average Dew Point |
|---|---|
| January | 8°F |
| February | 11°F |
| March | 19°F |
| April | 32°F |
| May | 45°F |
| June | 55°F |
| July | 60°F |
| August | 59°F |
| September | 53°F |
| October | 42°F |
| November | 28°F |
| December | 14°F |
Average Wind in Ottawa, Canada
The average wind speed in Ottawa is 10 kph (6 mph), providing a gentle breeze throughout the year.
Wind patterns vary by month, influencing the city’s weather and outdoor activities.
Monthly Wind Speeds:
| Month | Average Wind Speed (mph) |
|---|---|
| January | 6.5 |
| February | 6.2 |
| March | 6.0 |
| April | 6.5 |
| May | 5.7 |
| June | 5.6 |
| July | 5.3 |
| August | 5.2 |
| September | 5.5 |
| October | 6.0 |
| November | 6.3 |
| December | 6.4 |
The city’s geography affects wind patterns.
Ottawa’s flat terrain allows light to moderate winds to flow freely.
Windiest Month:
October often experiences higher wind speeds, averaging around 6 mph.
These winds can make the already cool temperatures feel even colder.
Impact of Wind:
Wind influences temperature perception. A 6 mph wind can make standing outside on a 48°F October day feel much chillier.
It also affects outdoor activities, sometimes limiting options for sports or events.
Winds in Ottawa tend to be stronger in the late fall and winter months.
This increase in wind speed often coincides with the city’s colder weather, adding to the chill factor.
These winds play a crucial role in the climate patterns observed in Ottawa.
For more information on wind and how it affects weather, you can read more about it here.
Average Air Quality in Ottawa, Canada
Ottawa generally enjoys good air quality. The city’s average PM2.5 level was recorded at 7.3 μg/m³ Ottawa Air Quality.
Monthly Air Quality Indicators
| Month | PM2.5 (μg/m³) | Cloud Cover (%) | UV Index |
|---|---|---|---|
| January | 8.1 | 70 | 1 |
| February | 7.8 | 65 | 2 |
| March | 7.5 | 60 | 3 |
| April | 7.2 | 55 | 4 |
| May | 6.9 | 50 | 6 |
| June | 6.6 | 45 | 8 |
| July | 6.4 | 40 | 9 |
| August | 6.6 | 45 | 8 |
| September | 6.8 | 50 | 6 |
| October | 7.1 | 55 | 4 |
| November | 7.5 | 60 | 2 |
| December | 7.9 | 65 | 1 |
Note: The values in the table are indicative and may vary.
Key Points
- PM2.5 Levels: The air quality is consistently below the World Health Organization’s target of 10 μg/m³.
- Cloud Cover: Increases in colder months, often exceeding 60%.
- UV Index: Peaks during summer months, going up to 9 in July.
Ottawa’s air quality metrics suggest a healthy environment, with pollutants well-managed across different seasons.
Topography of Ottawa, Canada
Ottawa, the capital city of Canada, is located in southeastern Ontario. The city is situated along the Ottawa River and is part of the continental climate zone.
Ottawa lies in a relatively flat area with some rolling hills to the west and south. The highest point within the city reaches about 400 feet (120 meters) above sea level.
The Ottawa River plays a significant role in the city’s geography.
It borders the city to the north and forms a natural boundary with the province of Quebec. The Rideau River and Rideau Canal also flow through the city, adding to its scenic waterways.
Here are some key topographical features:
- Greenbelt: A protected area of green space, farms, and forests surrounding the city’s core.
- Gatineau Hills: Located to the north, across the Ottawa River, providing a hilly terrain and a popular destination for outdoor activities.
- Rideau Canal: A historic waterway that connects Ottawa with Lake Ontario, featuring locks and parks.
The terrain is generally flat, but the Ottawa Valley to the west offers a mix of lowlands and highlands.
This variation creates diverse landscapes within a short distance from the urban center.
Extreme Weather Events That Occur in Ottawa, Canada
Ottawa experiences a variety of extreme weather events throughout the year.
Winters are particularly harsh, with freezing temperatures and heavy snowfall.
The cold winters are characterized by frost and ice storms, making daily life challenging.
In January 1998, Ottawa faced five successive ice storms, which caused significant damage and power outages.
These ice storms are common in winter and can lead to dangerous driving conditions.
- Winter Months (December-February)
- Average Snowfall: 51 inches
- Average Temperature: 14°F
Summers can also be extreme, with heat waves and heavy rainfall.
In recent years, Eastern Ontario farmers have reported losing crops due to unusually wet summers.
This points to an increase in unpredictable and extreme weather patterns.
- Summer Months (June-August)
- Average Rainfall: 3 inches per month
- Average Temperature: 75°F
In addition, Ottawa has experienced severe winds, tornadoes, and flooding due to changing climate conditions.
A new report warns that these extreme heat days might increase, affecting daily life and agriculture.
Best Time of the Year to Visit Ottawa, Canada
The best time to visit Ottawa depends on the type of weather and activities you enjoy. Each season offers unique experiences and conditions.
What Is Ottawa, Canada Like in Spring
Spring in Ottawa starts in March and runs through May. This is an ideal time for those who enjoy mild weather and blooming flowers.
Average temperatures range from 32°F to 56°F. Rainfall is common, so packing an umbrella is wise.
Parks and outdoor spaces begin to come alive, making activities like hiking and picnicking quite popular.
The city also hosts the Canadian Tulip Festival in May, showcasing millions of colorful tulips.
This event draws numerous visitors who come to see the vibrant displays.
Spring Summary Table:
| Month | Avg High (°F) | Avg Low (°F) | Precip (in) |
|---|---|---|---|
| March | 39 | 21 | 2.1 |
| April | 52 | 34 | 2.4 |
| May | 66 | 46 | 2.7 |
What Is Ottawa, Canada Like in Summer
Summer spans June to August. This period is the warmest and can be quite humid.
Average temperatures range from 60°F to 80°F, making it perfect for outdoor activities.
Tourists flock to Ottawa during these months to explore its parks, walk along the Rideau Canal, and enjoy festivals.
The weather by month in the summer is usually sunny, and rainfall is less frequent compared to spring.
This makes it comfortable for hiking, sightseeing, and attending events like Canada Day celebrations on July 1.
Summer Summary Table:
| Month | Avg High (°F) | Avg Low (°F) | Precip (in) |
|---|---|---|---|
| June | 75 | 55 | 3.4 |
| July | 80 | 60 | 3.3 |
| August | 78 | 58 | 3.5 |
What Is Ottawa, Canada Like in Fall
Fall in Ottawa, from September to November, is known for its stunning foliage. The changing leaves create beautiful landscapes, especially in the city’s numerous parks.
Average temperatures range from 37°F to 64°F, and it gradually gets cooler as the season progresses.
Fall is a comfortable season for tourists who enjoy cooler weather but still want to take part in outdoor activities like hiking.
It is also a great time to visit if you’re looking for lower travel rates. However, light jackets and warmer clothing are advisable.
Fall Summary Table:
| Month | Avg High (°F) | Avg Low (°F) | Precip (in) |
|---|---|---|---|
| September | 70 | 51 | 3.4 |
| October | 57 | 41 | 3.0 |
| November | 43 | 30 | 3.3 |
What Is Ottawa, Canada Like in Winter
Winter spans December to February and is the least popular time to visit due to the severe cold.
Temperatures often plummet below freezing, with averages ranging from 10°F to 28°F. Snow is almost always on the ground, creating picturesque yet challenging travel conditions.
Despite the cold, winter sports enthusiasts find this season appealing.
Activities like ice skating on the frozen Rideau Canal and Winterlude, a festival held in February, draw visitors who don’t mind bundling up.
It’s important to dress in layers and come prepared for snow and ice.
Winter Summary Table:
| Month | Avg High (°F) | Avg Low (°F) | Precip (in) |
|---|---|---|---|
| December | 28 | 14 | 2.8 |
| January | 22 | 7 | 2.1 |
| February | 26 | 10 | 1.9 |