Riyadh, the capital city of Saudi Arabia, experiences a diverse climate throughout the year.
Summers in Riyadh are long, sweltering, and arid, with temperatures often reaching 110°F. Winters, on the other hand, are cool and dry, creating a unique weather pattern that residents and visitors need to prepare for.
In Riyadh, the temperature ranges from a low of 49°F to highs of 114°F, creating stark contrasts between the seasons.
The months with the least sunshine, January and December, see an average of 6.9 hours of sunshine daily.
This variability in weather conditions means that planning activities in Riyadh requires a good understanding of the seasonal climate.
Riyadh’s weather by month shows significant variations in temperature, humidity, and precipitation.
For example, January tends to be the coolest month, often experiencing the least amount of sunshine, while the summer months can see extreme heat.
Interested readers can explore further details about the climate patterns and how they impact daily life and activities in the city by checking out regional articles.
Average Temperature in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
The average temperatures in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, vary significantly by month.
The hottest month is July, with an average high temperature of 110°F and low of 86°F.
On the other hand, the coldest month is January, with an average low of 57°F.
The temperature typically rises quickly from February through May, peaking in the summer months.
Below is a table of average temperatures by month:
| Month | High (°F) | Low (°F) |
|---|---|---|
| January | 68 | 57 |
| February | 72 | 60 |
| March | 79 | 66 |
| April | 90 | 73 |
| May | 100 | 81 |
| June | 107 | 84 |
| July | 110 | 86 |
| August | 108 | 85 |
| September | 102 | 81 |
| October | 93 | 73 |
| November | 79 | 64 |
| December | 70 | 59 |
During the hot season, which lasts from mid-May to late September, daily high temperatures often exceed 102°F.
This period is marked by long, hot, and dry days, making it quite sweltering.
The cool season spans from late November to late February, characterized by more bearable temperatures, with average daily highs around 72°F.
Even during the cooler months, Riyadh experiences warmer days compared to many other regions.
Riyadh’s climate is generally dry.
The arid conditions combined with high temperatures make it important to be cautious about sun exposure and hydration, especially during peak summer.
For more discussions on temperature trends, you can explore articles on temperature.
Average Precipitation in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Riyadh experiences very low precipitation throughout the year. With minimal rainfall and virtually no snow, the climate remains dry, creating arid conditions.
Average Rainfall in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Riyadh has a desert climate, receiving very little rainfall annually. The city typically gets about 2.6 inches of precipitation each year.
Rainfall is rare, occurring mainly during a short period from November to April.
The wettest month is April, but even then, the average rainfall is only 0.8 inches.
January and December also see some rain, albeit minimal.
The driest months are June, July, and August, during which there is almost no rainfall at all.
Here is a simple breakdown of average monthly rainfall:
| Month | Rainfall (inches) |
|---|---|
| January | 0.4 |
| February | 0.3 |
| March | 0.5 |
| April | 0.8 |
| May | 0.2 |
| June | 0.0 |
| July | 0.0 |
| August | 0.0 |
| September | 0.1 |
| October | 0.2 |
| November | 0.4 |
| December | 0.5 |
Riyadh typically has about 22 rainy days each year, which is less than 10% of the year.
Occasional rainstorms can occur but are brief and not very intense.
Average Snow in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Snow is virtually nonexistent in Riyadh. The city’s desert climate prevents any significant snowfall.
Riyadh’s temperatures generally remain too high, even in the cooler months, for snow to form.
For those who are interested in snow and ice-related phenomena, they might find articles discussing this topic at Snow and Ice.
Average Sun in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia enjoys a significant amount of sunshine throughout the year. The city’s climate ensures ample daylight, with variations depending on the season.
Average Daily Shortwave Solar Energy in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Riyadh receives a large amount of solar energy daily due to its arid climate and clear skies. The average shortwave solar energy is measured in kilowatt-hours per square meter (kWh/m²).
The following table shows the average daily solar energy by month:
| Month | Average Daily Solar Energy (kWh/m²) |
|---|---|
| January | 4.8 |
| February | 5.5 |
| March | 6.2 |
| April | 6.6 |
| May | 7.2 |
| June | 7.7 |
| July | 7.6 |
| August | 7.3 |
| September | 6.8 |
| October | 5.7 |
| November | 5.0 |
| December | 4.5 |
The highest solar energy is typically in June, with about 7.7 kWh/m².
Even in winter months like January and December, Riyadh still receives around 4.5 to 4.8 kWh/m² daily.
The consistent sunshine contributes to the high levels of daily solar energy throughout the year.
Average Humidity in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
The average humidity in Riyadh varies throughout the year.
Riyadh’s climate is generally dry. The humidity levels can change a lot depending on the season.
Here is a breakdown of average monthly humidity levels:
| Month | Average Humidity (%) |
|---|---|
| January | 40% |
| February | 35% |
| March | 30% |
| April | 25% |
| May | 20% |
| June | 15% |
| July | 12% |
| August | 15% |
| September | 20% |
| October | 25% |
| November | 30% |
| December | 35% |
The dew point in Riyadh also varies. Dew points are typically lower, especially in the hot season.
Higher humidity levels can be expected in the cooler months, from November to February.
During the summer, the heat makes the air drier, leading to lower humidity.
Average Wind in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Wind patterns in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, vary throughout the year. The average wind speed tends to hover around 6 to 10 miles per hour.
Monthly Wind Speeds
| Month | Average Wind Speed (mph) |
|---|---|
| January | 6.5 |
| February | 7.0 |
| March | 7.5 |
| April | 8.0 |
| May | 8.5 |
| June | 9.0 |
| July | 9.5 |
| August | 9.2 |
| September | 8.7 |
| October | 7.8 |
| November | 6.8 |
| December | 6.3 |
Riyadh experiences slightly higher wind speeds during the summer months. This can be beneficial for wind sports enthusiasts.
July is usually the windiest month in Riyadh. Wind speeds can reach up to 10 mph during this period.
The wind is generally calmer in winter. January and December see winds average around 6 to 6.5 mph.
Average Air Quality in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Riyadh experiences varying air quality throughout the year. The city’s location near the an-Nafud desert contributes to its air pollution levels.
Dust storms are common, especially during the summer months.
Monthly Air Quality Index (AQI):
| Month | AQI Level | Air Quality |
|---|---|---|
| January | 75 | Moderate |
| February | 68 | Moderate |
| March | 95 | Moderate |
| April | 105 | Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups |
| May | 115 | Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups |
| June | 100 | Moderate |
| July | 67 | Moderate |
| August | 106 | Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups |
| September | 90 | Moderate |
| October | 80 | Moderate |
| November | 70 | Moderate |
| December | 85 | Moderate |
Dust storms increase particulate matter (PM2.5) levels, affecting air quality.
Wind patterns also influence pollution levels and vary throughout the year.
Cloud cover and pressure changes can impact air quality.
For example, higher pressure systems can trap pollutants close to the ground, leading to worsened conditions.
Clouds play a role, especially during dust events.
Broken clouds may sometimes provide some relief, but do not significantly reduce pollution levels.
Air pollution data is important for residents and visitors to plan activities.
Days with high AQI levels can be challenging for sensitive groups, like children and the elderly.
Riyadh’s average air quality is generally moderate, with certain periods experiencing worse conditions.
Monitoring real-time data is recommended to stay informed.
For up-to-date information, visit the Riyadh Air Quality Index (AQI) and Saudi Arabia Air Pollution page on IQAir.
Topography of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Riyadh is located in the heart of Saudi Arabia on a plateau known as Najd. The city sits at about 2,000 feet above sea level.
The terrain is predominantly a flat desert with elevations ranging from 1,755 feet to 2,740 feet.
The climate is arid, typical of a hot desert climate.
Summers are extremely hot with temperatures reaching up to 110°F.
Winters are mild, making the region a challenging place for many forms of vegetation.
The latitude coordinates of Riyadh are around 24.7°N, 46.7°E.
Its location on the plateau affects its temperature and weather patterns, although it still experiences high heat.
Riyadh’s minimal precipitation averages about 0.38 inches annually, with rainy days being quite rare.
The desert landscape, elevated position, and specific latitude position all contribute to Riyadh’s unique topography.
Extreme Weather Events that Occur in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Riyadh experiences significant extreme weather events, primarily due to its desert climate.
Heatwaves are common.
Temperatures can soar above 110°F during summer, making June through August particularly harsh.
In recent years, these heatwaves have intensified, affecting daily life and putting a strain on the city’s infrastructure.
Heavy rain and flash floods can also occur, especially during the winter months.
When rain does fall, it can be intense and rapid, leading to flooding in certain areas.
This is unusual for a desert climate but has become more frequent.
| Month | Average High (°F) | Average Rainfall (inches) |
|---|---|---|
| January | 68 | 0.8 |
| February | 72 | 0.7 |
| March | 82 | 0.8 |
| April | 91 | 0.7 |
| May | 100 | 0.1 |
| June | 107 | 0.0 |
| July | 108 | 0.0 |
| August | 107 | 0.0 |
| September | 103 | 0.0 |
| October | 95 | 0.2 |
| November | 82 | 0.6 |
| December | 71 | 0.5 |
Dust storms are another type of extreme weather in Riyadh, often occurring during springtime.
These storms can limit visibility and impact health and transportation.
Thunderstorms, though rare, have been known to hit the city.
These storms can bring not only rain but also hail, causing additional damage.
For more details on the type of extreme weather in Saudi Arabia, refer to the Climate Change Knowledge Portal’s page on extremes.
Best Time of the Year to Visit Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Riyadh experiences extreme weather throughout the year, making some seasons more favorable for visiting than others. Winter and fall present the most comfortable conditions, while summer months can be intensely hot.
What is Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Like in Spring
Spring in Riyadh, from March to May, sees temperatures rising but still remaining manageable.
March temperatures range from 55°F at night to 84°F during the day.
By April, temperatures reach between 64°F and 93°F, and in May, it can be as hot as 72°F to 102°F.
Rainfall is minimal, but occasional showers can occur, making it an okay time for outdoor activities such as visiting the Al-Masmak Fortress or wandering the streets of Diriyah.
What is Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Like in Summer
Summers in Riyadh, from June to August, are extremely hot and can be challenging for visitors.
June sees temperatures soaring from 77°F to 108°F.
July and August are even hotter, with daytime highs often hitting 112°F. Night temperatures rarely drop below 86°F.
Outdoor activities are tough to enjoy due to the intense heat.
Travelers should stay indoors during peak daylight hours and explore air-conditioned attractions like the National Museum of Saudi Arabia.
Hydration and sun protection are crucial during this season.
| Month | Low Temp (°F) | High Temp (°F) |
|---|---|---|
| June | 77 | 108 |
| July | 82 | 112 |
| August | 86 | 112 |
What is Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Like in Fall
Fall, from September to November, brings relief from the scorching summer heat.
September temperatures range from 77°F to 102°F.
October cools down further, with temperatures between 66°F and 95°F.
By November, the weather is much more pleasant, ranging from 55°F at night to 84°F during the day.
Rainfall remains minimal, making fall a good time for sightseeing and outdoor events.
Activities like visiting King Abdullah Park or taking desert excursions are enjoyable.
What is Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Like in Winter
Winter, spanning December to February, is the best season to visit Riyadh. The weather is mild, with daytime highs ranging from 64°F to 79°F.
Night temperatures can drop to 44°F in December and climb to around 55°F by February. This period is ideal for exploring outdoor attractions and enjoying the city’s many parks and historic sites.
| Month | Low Temp (°F) | High Temp (°F) |
|---|---|---|
| December | 44 | 64 |
| January | 44 | 66 |
| February | 55 | 79 |
Avoid summer visits due to the extreme heat, and consider winter for the most pleasant experience.