Rome, located in central Italy, boasts a Mediterranean climate that appeals to visitors year-round.
Summer temperatures can soar up to an average maximum of 88°F in July and August, making it a warm and sunny season enjoyed by many.
Conversely, the city experiences milder winters, with January temperatures averaging around 46°F, which is quite pleasant compared to harsher climates elsewhere.
The best times to visit Rome are often in the spring and fall.
During these seasons, the weather is comfortable, with springtime temperatures typically ranging from 50°F to 70°F.
Fall also provides mild, enjoyable conditions, though October sees a bit more rain.
With such favorable weather patterns, Rome remains a top travel destination throughout the year, suited for sightseeing and outdoor activities.
Rome’s climate data is consistent with the Köppen climate classification, displaying the classic traits of a Mediterranean climate.
Annual rainfall averages around 29 inches, with the majority falling in the wetter months of October and November.
For a detailed breakdown of monthly weather conditions, you can explore charts and tables available on various climate websites, enhancing your travel planning with precise weather information.
Average Temperature in Roma, Italy
Roma experiences a wide range of temperatures throughout the year.
The hottest month is typically August, where the average high temperature can reach about 87°F and the lows are around 65°F.
Monthly Temperature Overview
| Month | Average High (°F) | Average Low (°F) |
|---|---|---|
| January | 54 | 37 |
| February | 57 | 39 |
| March | 61 | 43 |
| April | 66 | 47 |
| May | 75 | 54 |
| June | 82 | 61 |
| July | 87.8 | 67 |
| August | 87 | 65 |
| September | 80 | 60 |
| October | 70 | 52 |
| November | 60 | 45 |
| December | 54 | 39 |
In winter months, January usually marks the coldest period with average highs around 54°F and lows dropping to 37°F.
During the summer, expect long, sunny days with temperatures soaring. August sees the highest averages, accentuated by the scorching sun.
Roma experiences a variety of weather conditions.
While the summer months are mostly sunny and dry, winter can have more cloudy skies and occasional rain.
Rainfall is spread throughout the year but is more common from November to January.
For visitors, spring and autumn offer milder temperatures, making it a comfortable time to explore the city.
Keep in mind the monthly temperature variations when planning any outdoor activities or travel, as the weather in Roma can shift dramatically from summer heat to winter chill.
Average Precipitation in Roma, Italy
Roma’s climate features a mix of wet and dry seasons, with most of the rainfall occurring outside the summer months. These patterns influence the overall weather experience throughout the year, creating distinct periods of rain and occasional snowfall.
Average Rainfall in Roma, Italy
Rainfall in Roma varies significantly throughout the year with distinct wet and dry periods.
The wettest month is typically November, seeing an average precipitation of around 4.1 inches.
Other wet months include October and December, which also experience substantial rainfall.
Conversely, July is the driest month, averaging just 0.3 inches of rain.
This dry spell runs from June through August, coinciding with the hot summer season.
The number of rainy days per month ranges from as few as 2 days in July to about 9 days in November.
Monthly Rainfall Averages:
| Month | Rainfall (in) |
|---|---|
| January | 2.1 |
| February | 2.0 |
| March | 2.1 |
| April | 2.0 |
| May | 2.0 |
| June | 1.0 |
| July | 0.3 |
| August | 1.2 |
| September | 2.1 |
| October | 3.8 |
| November | 4.1 |
| December | 3.3 |
This pattern creates a more comfortable climate during the summer, with less wet weather impacting outdoor activities.
Average Snow in Roma, Italy
Snowfall is a rare event in Roma, given its mild winter temperatures. When it does snow, it’s usually minimal and doesn’t last long.
The months with the highest chance of snow are December through February.
January sees the most snowfall days, though even then, snow is an infrequent visitor.
Snow accumulation is typically so sparse that it rarely impacts daily life.
This rarity of snow makes any snowfall event noteworthy and quite unusual.
It’s essential to note that although snow may be scarce, it still can create beautiful, scenic mornings when it occurs.
For those interested in snow and ice, these rare occasions provide a unique view of Roma’s historical landmarks blanketed in white.
The city’s mild winters ensure that snow seldom disrupts travel plans or daily routines.
Average Sun in Roma, Italy
Roma experiences a variety of sunshine and daylight patterns throughout the year, reflecting its Mediterranean climate.
From long summer days with abundant sun to shorter, cooler winter days, understanding the sun’s behavior helps plan activities and expectations.
Average Daily Shortwave Solar Energy in Roma, Italy
The average daily shortwave solar energy in Roma varies with the seasons.
During summer months, days are long, providing up to 12.7 hours of sunlight.
July, the sunniest month, sees an impressive surge in sunshine hours contributing to the daily energy.
December, in contrast, brings much shorter daylight hours of around 9.2, affecting outdoor activities and solar warmth.
| Month | Hours of Sunlight | UV Index |
|---|---|---|
| January | 4.3 | Moderate |
| July | 11.6 | High |
| December | 9.2 | Low |
These variations influence daily life, from energy efficiency to outdoor excursions.
UV index also fluctuates, peaking in summer which demands proper skin protection.
The hours of sunshine greatly impact the routine and energy consumption patterns in the city.
Average Humidity in Roma, Italy
Roma, Italy experiences varying levels of humidity throughout the year. The average annual humidity in Roma is around 68%.
Here’s a breakdown of the average humidity levels by month:
| Month | Humidity (%) |
|---|---|
| January | 73% |
| February | 69% |
| March | 67% |
| April | 66% |
| May | 66% |
| June | 62% |
| July | 60% |
| August | 63% |
| September | 65% |
| October | 70% |
| November | 75% |
| December | 74% |
Dew Point ranges can give a practical sense of how humid it feels.
For example, a typical summer day in August may have a dew point around 65°F, making it feel sticky and warm.
Air Pressure changes can also affect humidity.
On average, the air pressure in Roma is around 29.99 inches of mercury throughout the year.
This stable pressure helps maintain the relatively consistent humidity levels.
Understanding these aspects helps to plan activities and wardrobe choices according to Roma’s weather throughout the year.
For instance, planning a visit in July when the humidity is lower and the dew point is higher might be more comfortable for outdoor activities.
Conversely, November’s higher humidity levels might make it feel cooler and more damp.
Average Wind in Roma, Italy
Roma has gentle breezes most of the year. The average wind speed is about 6 mph. This makes for agreeable weather conditions for outdoor activities.
Wind speeds vary depending on the month.
The windiest month is often found at the beginning of the year.
| Month | Average Wind Speed (mph) |
|---|---|
| January | 9 |
| February | 10 |
| March | 9 |
| April | 10 |
| May | 8 |
| June | 7 |
| July | 8 |
| August | 7 |
| September | 7 |
| October | 8 |
| November | 9 |
| December | 10 |
During the cooler months, like December, winds can reach up to 10 mph. This period is when the wind is most noticeable.
These breezes can make the cold feel more intense.
In the summer, especially in August, the wind calms down to around 7 mph, providing a perfect balance of warmth and breeze.
Wanderers and tourists enjoy these gentle winds as they explore the city’s historic sites.
Average Air Quality in Roma, Italy
Rome’s air quality varies throughout the year. The city experiences different levels of pollution depending on the season and specific events like traffic congestion or weather conditions.
Annual Air Quality Overview
Rome generally has moderate air quality, but there can be days when pollution levels spike. Factors like the urban heat effect and emissions from vehicles contribute to higher levels of pollutants.
Monthly Air Quality Table
| Month | Average AQI | Main Pollutant |
|---|---|---|
| January | 45 | PM2.5 |
| February | 47 | PM2.5 |
| March | 50 | PM2.5 |
| April | 43 | PM2.5 |
| May | 40 | O3 |
| June | 38 | O3 |
| July | 36 | O3 |
| August | 35 | O3 |
| September | 38 | PM2.5 |
| October | 42 | PM2.5 |
| November | 45 | PM2.5 |
| December | 47 | PM2.5 |
Ciampino Airport and Sea Areas
The air quality near Ciampino Airport can be impacted by the activity at the airport. Higher emissions are typical around major transport hubs. Coastal areas, due to the moderating effect of the sea, usually have slightly better air quality.
Pollutant Levels and Health
Air quality is usually better in summer, thanks to longer sunny days and less heating demand. In winter, emissions from heating and increased vehicle use cause higher levels of particulates like PM2.5.
Using public transport, biking, and green spaces can help reduce exposure to pollution. Monitoring local air quality reports is key for residents, especially those with respiratory issues.
Topography of Roma, Italy
Rome, the capital of Italy, is situated in the Lazio region near the Tyrrhenian Sea. The city lies on the central-west part of the Italian Peninsula.
Elevation
The altitude of Rome varies between sea level and approximately 456 feet (139 meters) above sea level. This range creates a diverse landscape with hills, valleys, and flat plains.
Hills
Rome is famously known for its Seven Hills:
- Palatine Hill
- Aventine Hill
- Caelian Hill
- Capitoline Hill
- Esquiline Hill
- Quirinal Hill
- Viminal Hill
These hills have played a significant role in the city’s historical development.
Rivers
Rome is crossed by the Tiber River, Italy’s third-longest river, which flows from the Apennine Mountains to the Tyrrhenian Sea. The river divides the city and has been crucial for trade and transportation.
Coastal Proximity
Being close to the Tyrrhenian Sea impacts Rome’s climate, making the winters milder and the summers more humid due to the maritime influence. The coast is about 15 miles (24 kilometers) from the city center.
Climate Impact
The topography affects weather patterns, creating microclimates:
- Summer: Hot and dry, varying slightly based on elevation and proximity to the sea.
- Winter: Mild, with occasional cooler temperatures in the valleys and higher elevations.
Extreme Weather Events that Occur in Roma, Italy
Roma, Italy, is no stranger to extreme weather events. Recent years have seen a rise in occurrences, particularly during the summer months.
- Roma experiences intense heatwaves, with temperatures climbing over 104°F.
- This extreme heat significantly affects localities like Tor San Lorenzo and nearby beaches, making it crucial for residents and tourists to stay hydrated and seek shade.
Intense Rainfall:
- Heavy downpours can lead to sudden flooding.
- This can impact historic areas, including ancient ruins.
Extreme Weather by Month:
| Month | Event | Temperature Range (°F) | Rainfall (in) |
|---|---|---|---|
| July | Heatwave | 90-104+ | 0.2 |
| August | Heatwave | 90-104+ | 0.3 |
| November | Heavy Rain | 50-65 | 3.7 |
| December | Heavy Rain | 45-60 | 3.0 |
Flooding:
- Flash floods are becoming more frequent, particularly during the fall.
- These floods can disrupt access to Tor San Lorenzo and other popular sites.
Environmental Impact:
- Extreme weather events have intensified due to climate change, which increases the frequency and severity of such occurrences.
- Poor planning and unregulated construction have compounded these issues in some areas around Roma.
Best Time of the Year to Visit Roma, Italy
This guide highlights Roma’s climate throughout the year. It includes weather averages, what to pack, and crowd levels to help plan your visit.
What is Roma, Italy Like in Spring
Spring in Roma, spanning March to May, boasts mild temperatures and blooming flowers. By April, temperatures range from 45°F to 66°F. March can be rainy, so an umbrella is essential.
Easter celebrations, a significant event, draw crowds. Spring weather in Rome is pleasant with occasional showers. Packing recommendation: light sweaters, comfortable walking shoes, and a light jacket.
April:
- Average High: 63°F
- Average Low: 45°F
- Rainfall: 2.4 inches
May:
- Average High: 73°F
- Average Low: 52°F
- Rainfall: 1.7 inches
What is Roma, Italy Like in Summer
Summertime in Roma, from June to August, is hot and busy. By July, temperatures peak at 87°F, with August seeing frequent tourists.
Finding spots by the Tiber River or shaded piazzas can offer some relief from the heat. Early morning or late evening sightseeing is recommended. Packing recommendation: sunscreen, hats, and lightweight clothing.
June:
- Average High: 81°F
- Average Low: 60°F
- Rainfall: 1.2 inches
July:
- Average High: 87°F
- Average Low: 65°F
- Rainfall: 0.8 inches
August:
- Average High: 86°F
- Average Low: 65°F
- Rainfall: 1.1 inches
What is Roma, Italy Like in Fall
Fall, from September to November, provides cooler temperatures and fewer crowds. September enjoys highs around 80°F, making it ideal for exploring. October and November become cooler, varying from the mid-60s°F to low 40s°F.
Fall sees fewer tourists, offering a more relaxed experience. Packing recommendation: layers, light sweaters, and a raincoat.
September:
- Average High: 80°F
- Average Low: 61°F
- Rainfall: 2.4 inches
October:
- Average High: 71°F
- Average Low: 53°F
- Rainfall: 3.1 inches
November:
- Average High: 61°F
- Average Low: 45°F
- Rainfall: 4.1 inches
What is Roma, Italy Like in Winter
Winter in Roma, from December to February, features cooler temperatures and holiday lights.
December is festive with Christmas markets, whereas January and February are the coldest months.
Expect temperatures from 37°F to 55°F.
Winter is less crowded, offering peaceful sightseeing.
Packing recommendation: warm coats, sweaters, and an umbrella.
December:
- Average High: 55°F
- Average Low: 39°F
- Rainfall: 3.7 inches
January:
- Average High: 52°F
- Average Low: 37°F
- Rainfall: 3.1 inches
February:
- Average High: 54°F
- Average Low: 37°F
- Rainfall: 2.7 inches