Sofia, Bulgaria – Climate and Average Weather Year Round: What to Expect

The climate in Sofia, Bulgaria varies significantly throughout the year, offering a range of weather conditions that attract different types of travelers.

The warm season lasts from June to mid-September, with July being the hottest month. During July, temperatures usually reach a high of 82°F and a low of 58°F, making it a perfect time for outdoor activities.

In contrast, the cold season spans from late November to early March, with December experiencing the most snowfall. Visitors during this time can expect temperatures dropping below 46°F.

December sees around 7.2 days of snowfall, averaging up to 9.76 inches, providing a picturesque winter landscape.

Monthly Average Temperatures:

For more detailed information about the weather conditions and a climate graph, you can visit the provided link.

Average Temperature In Sofia, Bulgaria

The temperature in Sofia experiences significant variations throughout the year.

Sofia has a mild and moderate climate, resembling the Marine West Coast climate (Cfb).

January is one of the coldest months, with average temperatures ranging from highs of 37°F to lows of 23°F. February remains cold, with temperatures slightly rising to highs around 41°F.

March sees a noticeable increase, with temperatures ranging from 48°F to 30°F. By April, spring is evident as highs rise to around 57°F.

May brings even warmer temperatures, with highs averaging 69°F.

The summer months of June, July, and August are the warmest, with July being the hottest month. In July, temperatures can reach highs of 82°F.

August remains warm with similar temperatures to July. By September, temperatures start to cool down, averaging highs of 73°F.

October’s temperatures fall further with highs of 61°F. November brings temperatures closer to winter, dropping to 48°F on average. December, like January, sees colder weather with average highs of 39°F.

Average Precipitation In Sofia, Bulgaria

Sofia experiences notable rainfall throughout the year, with a mix of rain and snow depending on the season. The city’s climate ensures that every month brings some form of precipitation, making the weather pattern quite interesting.

Average Rainfall In Sofia, Bulgaria

Rainfall is prevalent in Sofia year-round, with specific trends.

The wettest month is June, averaging about 3.0 inches of rain. Conversely, February sees the least amount of rainfall, recording around 1.3 inches.

Here’s a table showing the average monthly rainfall in Sofia:

The city receives a steady amount of rain even during the driest months, contributing to its lush, green environment.

Average Snow In Sofia, Bulgaria

Sofia’s snowfall is concentrated mostly in the winter months. December is the month with the most snowfall, with an average of 9.8 inches of snow. Snow can start as early as November and may continue until March.

Here’s a monthly breakdown of average snowfall:

Snow typically starts accumulating in late November, with peak totals in December, creating beautiful winter landscapes.

By March, the snow begins to melt, making way for the spring rains.

Average Sun In Sofia, Bulgaria

Sofia experiences a varied amount of sunshine and UV index throughout the year. These factors play an essential role in daily life and planning outdoor activities in the city.

Average Daily Shortwave Solar Energy In Sofia, Bulgaria

The average daily shortwave solar energy in Sofia varies greatly depending on the season.

During the summer months, particularly in July and August, Sofia experiences the highest levels of solar energy, with long daylight hours.

| Month       | Average Solar Energy (kWh/m²) |
|-------------|-------------------------------|
| January     | 1.9                           |
| February    | 2.9                           |
| March       | 3.9                           |
| April       | 4.9                           |
| May         | 5.5                           |
| June        | 6.6                           |
| July        | 7.1                           |
| August      | 6.5                           |
| September   | 4.9                           |
| October     | 3.4                           |
| November    | 2.2                           |
| December    | 1.7                           |

In summer, the UV index usually peaks, posing a higher risk of skin damage. It’s crucial to wear sunscreen and protective clothing during these months.

Conversely, during the winter months, shortwave solar energy is at its lowest, particularly in December and January.

Residents experience shorter days and less sunlight, which impacts daily routines and necessitates warmer, layered clothing to block UV rays.

Average Humidity In Sofia, Bulgaria

Sofia experiences varied humidity levels throughout the year. The relative humidity can tell how comfortable the air feels.

Here is the average relative humidity in Sofia by month:

During winter, the average humidity tends to be higher. December and January see the highest relative humidity, about 85%.

In contrast, the summer months are less humid. July and August have an average humidity of 68%.

Humidity affects how temperatures feel. High humidity can make warm days feel hotter. Knowing the humidity helps plan outdoor activities.

Average Wind In Sofia, Bulgaria

Sofia experiences varying wind speeds throughout the year. The average wind speed is around 6 mph.

Monthly wind speeds can be seen in the table below:

The windiest month in Sofia is January, with an average wind speed of 8 mph.

The summer months typically experience lighter winds, averaging 5 mph during June, July, and August. During winter, wind speeds tend to be higher, reaching up to 8 mph in January and February.

Average Air Quality in Sofia, Bulgaria

Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria, experiences moderate air quality throughout the year. On average, the Air Quality Index (AQI) in Sofia is around 26.8 µg/m³, which is considered moderate.

Air quality varies by season. It tends to be poorer in winter due to increased use of heating systems and weather conditions that trap pollutants. Summer months generally show better air quality with reduced pollutants.

Historical data highlights some trends. For example, 2019 showed consistent moderate air quality levels, often hovering around 26.8 µg/m³.

Monthly Average AQI

Using this historical weather data, it is evident that winter months have higher AQI values compared to summer months.

Sofia’s location in a valley surrounded by mountains often causes pressure differentials, which can affect air quality. Additionally, winter months see a lower dew point, contributing to fog and haze trapping pollutants closer to the ground.

For updated and real-time air quality data, you can visit sites like IQAir and AccuWeather. These provide accurate forecasts and help residents plan their activities based on air quality predictions.

Topography Of Sofia, Bulgaria

Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria, is situated in the western part of the country. The city is located at a latitude of approximately 42.7°N and a longitude of around 23.3°E. This places it in the northern hemisphere.

The elevation of Sofia is about 1,800 feet (550 meters) above sea level. This moderate altitude contributes to its diverse climate patterns and scenic views.

The Vitosha Mountain, a significant landmark, lies south of Sofia. This mountain peaks at around 7,513 feet (2,290 meters) and offers a striking backdrop to the city.

Nearby, the Balkan Mountains to the north and the Rhodope Mountains to the south expand Sofia’s topographical diversity. These features add to the city’s dramatic scenery.

The Iskar River runs through Sofia, providing water and supporting local ecosystems. Additionally, Sofia’s location on the Sofia Plain, which spans roughly 75 miles (120 kilometers) long and 34 miles (55 kilometers) wide, shapes its landscape.

The city’s topography, bounded by mountains and enriched by rivers, defines its unique geographical character.

Extreme Weather Events That Occur In Sofia, Bulgaria

Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria, experiences various extreme weather events throughout the year. These events can include storms, floods, wildfires, landslides, and droughts. The impact on the city’s infrastructure and daily life can be significant.

Severe Storms

Gale-force winds and heavy rainfall are common during the late fall and early winter months. For example, in August 2024, extreme weather caused severe damage and power outages across the region.

Floods

Heavy rainfall can lead to flooding in various parts of the city. Eastern Bulgaria has been particularly affected by such events, which can disrupt transportation and cause significant property damage.

Monthly Rainfall Table:

Summer Heatwaves

Sofia experiences high temperatures that can reach record highs, leading to heatwaves during the summer. This increase in temperature is a consequence of climate change, affecting the climate trends in the region.

Wildfires

The hot, dry summers also increase the risk of wildfires in the surrounding areas. These fires can cause significant damage to forests and rural communities.

Landslides

Heavy rains, particularly in the spring and late fall, can trigger landslides in mountainous areas. This event poses risks to both residents and infrastructure in those regions.

Droughts

Periods of low rainfall during the hotter months can lead to drought conditions, impacting agriculture and water supply throughout Sofia.

Record High and Low Temperatures:

• Record High: 104°F (40°C)
• Record Low: -10°F (-23°C)

Best Time Of The Year To Visit Sofia, Bulgaria

Sofia offers a variety of experiences throughout the year. Each season has its own charm, from the blooming flowers of spring to the snowy landscapes in winter.

What Is Sofia, Bulgaria Like In Spring

In spring, Sofia begins to warm up after the cold winter months. From March to May, temperatures range from 41°F to 68°F. This season is ideal for seeing the city’s parks and gardens in full bloom.

Rain is more common during spring, especially in May. Tourists might experience some rain showers, but it rarely dampens the spirit of exploration. This is also a less crowded time, making it pleasant for sightseeing.

What Is Sofia, Bulgaria Like In Summer

Summer in Sofia is warm and inviting. From June to August, temperatures range from 58°F to 82°F. This time of year sees plenty of sunshine and longer daylight hours. Tourists can enjoy outdoor cafes, festivals, and hiking in the nearby mountains.

As the warmest months, July and August offer perfect weather for exploring the city. Rain is minimal, so visitors can expect mostly dry conditions. Despite the heat, the city’s elevation keeps it from becoming too hot.

What Is Sofia, Bulgaria Like In Fall

Fall brings cooler temperatures and vibrant autumn colors. From September to November, temperatures range from 30°F to 72°F. September remains warm, but by November, the temperature starts to drop sharply.

This season is perfect for exploring Sofia’s historical sites without the summer crowds. Rainfall is similar to spring, with occasional rainy days in October and November. It’s a good idea to dress in layers to stay comfortable throughout the day.

What Is Sofia, Bulgaria Like In Winter

Winter in Sofia is cold and often snowy. From December to February, temperatures range from 22°F to 39°F.

January is the coldest month. Snowfall can be expected, creating a picturesque winter wonderland.

This season is best for those who enjoy winter sports. The nearby mountains offer excellent skiing opportunities.

Cities and towns are less crowded, providing a more peaceful experience. Warm clothing is essential to enjoy outdoor activities.